{"id":3343,"date":"2024-09-30T18:55:43","date_gmt":"2024-09-30T16:55:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.rouillier.com\/wordpress-philopsycho\/?p=3343"},"modified":"2024-09-30T19:04:44","modified_gmt":"2024-09-30T17:04:44","slug":"empathie-innee-ou-acquise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rouillier.com\/wordpress-philopsycho\/empathie-innee-ou-acquise\/","title":{"rendered":"Empathie, inn\u00e9e ou acquise\u00a0?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Capacit\u00e9 de s&rsquo;identifier \u00e0 autrui dans ce qu&rsquo;il ressent, pour pouvoir tenir compte de lui.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>L\u2019empathie se manifeste-t-elle dans la nature&nbsp;?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dans la flore et la faune l\u2019empathie n\u2019est pas une vertu cardinale&nbsp;! Elle est totalement absente de la flore et dans la faune elle se manifeste tr\u00e8s peu, et encore dans les animaux sup\u00e9rieur, les plus proche de nous. Dans la nature les seules vertus cardinales sont le besoin et la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La lionne n\u2019a aucune r\u00e9ticence \u00e0 s\u2019accoupler avec le m\u00e2le qui vient de tuer ses petits, le lion n\u2019a aucune r\u00e9ticence \u00e0 s\u2019accoupler avec la lionne dont il vient d\u2019\u00e9liminer la prog\u00e9niture. En effet l\u2019animal, s\u2019il \u00e9prouve des \u00e9motions&nbsp; a beaucoup de mal \u00e0 les formaliser, les concr\u00e9tiser &nbsp;en des sentiments explicites. Il connait la peur, comme un r\u00e9flexe mais ne la vit qu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019instant du&nbsp; danger, sans anticiper la situation. Ne pouvant formaliser ses \u00e9motions, il est dans l\u2019incapacit\u00e9 de les comparer, de les \u00e9valuer, de les organiser. Il ne peut quantifier ses sentiments qui&nbsp; restent \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tat de perceptions ressenties mais non comprises. Bref l\u2019animal est d\u00e9pourvue d\u2019analyse cognitive, de raison logique donc de morale. On a l\u00e0 une premi\u00e8re approche de ce que l\u2019empathie n\u2019est pas naturelle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>L\u2019humain et l\u2019empathie<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019\u00eatre humain est certes un animal, mais il est dou\u00e9 d\u2019une capacit\u00e9 unique dans la nature&nbsp;: il est dot\u00e9 de la \u00ab&nbsp;raison logique&nbsp;\u00bb. Cela change tout&nbsp;!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019\u00eatre humain a la capacit\u00e9 de repr\u00e9senter ses \u00e9motions dans des sentiments formalis\u00e9s et codifi\u00e9s selon un code que lui seul peu comprendre. Il peut donc organiser ses sentiments dans un r\u00e9cit structur\u00e9 en termes de relations de cause \u00e0 effet. Il a cr\u00e9\u00e9 le langage, invent\u00e9 le temps, ou plut\u00f4t la chronologie (donc le pass\u00e9 et le futur) ce qui lui permet, contrairement \u00e0 l\u2019animal d\u2019anticiper l\u2019avenir. Il a valoris\u00e9 ses sentiments, ses comportements, et cr\u00e9\u00e9 la morale et les religions, et par-dessus tous, les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s organis\u00e9es en termes de \u00ab&nbsp;vivre ensemble&nbsp;\u00bb. De l\u00e0 la naissance de l\u2019empathie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>L\u2019apprentissage de l\u2019empathie<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les premiers hommes avaient peu d\u2019empathie. Elle \u00e9tait r\u00e9serv\u00e9e aux proches, puis successivement au clan, \u00e0 la tribu, la cit\u00e9 et enfin \u00e0 la soci\u00e9t\u00e9. Au fur et \u00e0 mesure que l\u2019homme se civilisait (on peut parfois en&nbsp; douter&nbsp;!) l\u2019empathie est devenue une valeur cardinale. Il ne peut y&nbsp; avoir soci\u00e9t\u00e9 et \u00ab&nbsp;vivre ensemble&nbsp;\u00bb sans un minimum de valorisation de l\u2019cette valeur cardinale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019enfant n\u00e9e sans notion d\u2019empathie. Ce n\u2019est que par un apprentissage donn\u00e9e &nbsp;les parents, les enseignants, les exp\u00e9rience de la vie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u2019est en rencontrant plus fort que soit on comprend que l\u2019empathie est une contrainte s\u00e9curisante et n\u00e9cessaire.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Capacit\u00e9 de s&rsquo;identifier \u00e0 autrui dans ce qu&rsquo;il ressent, pour pouvoir tenir compte de lui. L\u2019empathie se manifeste-t-elle dans la nature&nbsp;? Dans la flore et la faune l\u2019empathie n\u2019est pas une vertu cardinale&nbsp;! Elle est totalement absente de la flore et dans la faune elle se manifeste tr\u00e8s peu, et encore dans les animaux sup\u00e9rieur, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":256,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3343","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gene"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Empathie, inn\u00e9e ou acquise\u00a0? -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rouillier.com\/wordpress-philopsycho\/empathie-innee-ou-acquise\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Empathie, inn\u00e9e ou acquise\u00a0? -\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Capacit\u00e9 de s&rsquo;identifier \u00e0 autrui dans ce qu&rsquo;il ressent, pour pouvoir tenir compte de lui. 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